Muaj ib yam khoom noj, uas siv cov khoom noj zoo tib yam li cov khoom siv raw thiab txawv ntawm cov zaub mov zoo tib yam. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hmoov, kua, thiab lwm yam. Zoo ib yam li mis nyuj hmoov thiab protein hmoov, nws muaj peev xwm yuav noj los ntawm qhov ncauj los yog nasally thiab yuav ua tau yooj yim digested los yog absorbed tsis digestion. Nws yog hu ua "formula zaub mov rau cov hom phiaj kho mob tshwj xeeb", uas yog, tam sim no peb siv ntau cov khoom noj khoom haus hauv chaw kho mob.
1. Khoom noj khoom haus enteral yog dab tsi?
Khoom noj khoom haus nkag mus (EN) yog hom kev noj haus uas muab ntau yam khoom noj rau lub cev los ntawm txoj hnyuv kom tau raws li lub cev thiab kev xav tau ntawm lub cev. Nws qhov zoo yog tias cov as-ham tau ncaj qha absorbed thiab siv los ntawm txoj hnyuv, uas yog ntau lub cev nqaij daim tawv, yooj yim rau kev tswj hwm, thiab tus nqi qis. Nws tseem yuav pab tau kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm txoj hnyuv mucosa qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
2. Yam xwm txheej twg yuav tsum tau noj zaub mov noj?
Txhua tus neeg mob uas muaj kev qhia txog kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov tuaj yeem tau txais kev txhawb nqa khoom noj khoom haus, suav nrog dysphagia thiab mastication; Tsis muaj peev xwm noj tau vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev nco qab lossis coma; Lub sij hawm ruaj khov ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab, xws li plab hnyuv fistula, plab plob tsis so tswj, kab mob plab hnyuv thiab pancreatitis; Hypercatabolic xeev, xws li cov neeg mob uas muaj mob hnyav, phais, raug mob thiab kub hnyiab. Kuj tseem muaj cov kab mob siv tau ntev, xws li tuberculosis, qog, thiab lwm yam; Kev them nyiaj yug ua ntej thiab tom qab kev phais; Adjuvant kev kho mob ntawm cov qog chemotherapy thiab radiotherapy; Khoom noj khoom haus txhawb kev kub hnyiab thiab raug mob; Lub siab thiab lub raum tsis ua haujlwm; Kab mob plawv; Congenital defect ntawm amino acid metabolism; Kev ntxiv lossis hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus parenteral.
3. Dab tsi yog kev faib cov khoom noj nkag mus rau hauv lub cev?
Nyob rau hauv thawj lub rooj sib tham nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm enteral khoom noj khoom haus npaj, Beijing ceg ntawm Tuam Tshoj Medical Association tau npaj ib tug tsim nyog kev faib tawm ntawm enteral khoom noj khoom haus npaj, thiab npaj kom faib enteral khoom noj khoom haus npaj rau hauv peb hom, uas yog hom amino acid, tag nrho cov protein thiab cov khoom xyaw. Amino acid matrix yog monomer, suav nrog amino acid lossis luv peptide, qabzib, rog, ntxhia thiab vitamin sib xyaw. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov neeg mob uas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub plab zom mov thiab nqus dej ua haujlwm, tab sis nws muaj qhov tsis zoo saj thiab haum rau qhov ntswg noj. Txhua hom protein siv tag nrho cov protein lossis cov protein dawb ua cov khoom siv nitrogen. Nws yog haum rau cov neeg mob uas ib txwm muaj los yog ze li ib txwm gastrointestinal muaj nuj nqi. Nws muaj qhov saj zoo, thiab tuaj yeem noj hauv qhov ncauj lossis muab nasally. Cov khoom xyaw muaj xws li amino acid tivthaiv, luv peptide tivthaiv, tag nrho cov protein tivthaiv, carbohydrate tivthaiv, ntev saw triglyceride (LCT) tivthaiv, nruab nrab ntev saw triglyceride (MCT) tivthaiv, vitamin tivthaiv, thiab lwm yam, uas yog feem ntau yog siv raws li cov tshuaj los yog fortifiers rau cov khoom noj khoom haus sib npaug.
4. Cov neeg mob xaiv cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo li cas?
Cov neeg mob nephrotic tau noj cov protein ntau ntxiv thiab ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo nitrogen tshuav, xav tau cov protein tsawg thiab cov amino acid nplua nuj npaj. Cov khoom noj khoom haus enteral npaj ntawm hom kab mob hauv lub raum yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov amino acids tseem ceeb, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov protein tsawg, tsawg hauv sodium thiab potassium, uas tuaj yeem txo lub nra ntawm lub raum.
Cov metabolism ntawm cov amino acids uas muaj ntxhiab, tryptophan, methionine, thiab lwm yam hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo raug thaiv, cov ceg saw amino acids raug txo qis, thiab cov amino acids uas muaj ntxhiab tsw ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov saw caj dab amino acids yog metabolized los ntawm cov leeg, uas tsis ua rau lub nra ntawm lub siab, thiab tuaj yeem sib tw nrog cov amino acids uas muaj ntxhiab nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb, txhim kho daim siab thiab cov kab mob hlwb. Yog li, cov saw saw amino acids tuaj yeem suav txog ntau dua 35% ~ 40% ntawm tag nrho cov amino acids hauv daim siab mob hom khoom noj.
Tom qab mob hnyav heev, tus neeg mob lub cev kub nce, cov tshuaj hormones thiab inflammatory yam tshwm sim raug tso tawm ntau, thiab lub cev yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm cov metabolism hauv siab. Tsuas yog rau lub qhov txhab, txoj hnyuv yog ib qho ntawm cov kabmob tseem ceeb uas muaj endogenous siab metabolism. Yog li ntawd, hlawv cov khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum muaj cov protein ntau, lub zog siab thiab yooj yim digestible rog nrog cov kua tsawg.
Kev npaj khoom noj khoom haus nkag mus rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob ntsws yuav tsum muaj cov roj ntau, cov ntsiab lus carbohydrate tsawg, thiab cov ntsiab lus protein tsuas yog txhawm rau tswj cov nqaij ntshiv thiab anabolism, txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua pa.
Vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev kho mob, kev noj haus thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov neeg mob qog nqaij hlav tsis zoo, thiab cov qog nqaij hlav siv cov rog tsawg. Yog li ntawd, kev npaj zaub mov nrog cov rog siab, muaj protein ntau, lub zog siab thiab cov carbohydrates tsawg yuav tsum raug xaiv, uas glutamine, arginine, MTC thiab lwm yam kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntxiv.
Carbohydrates nyob rau hauv kev npaj zaub mov rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum yog oligosaccharides lossis polysaccharides, ntxiv rau cov khoom noj muaj fiber ntau txaus, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev txo qis ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-14-2022